ABSTRACT
In the scenario marked by digitalization, digital media have found spaces that allow them to face labor problems and at the same time face the risks and vulnerability that threaten the security of journalists. Therefore, this research is established to know some issues related to security: economic limitations of access to public information, censorship, and self-censorship in the journalistic exercise in Ecuador. The observation was carried out within the framework of the pandemic unleashed by the presence of COVID-19 and its variants. For the execution of the research, the qualitative methodology was applied with semi-structured interviews to investigative journalists of consolidated digital native media. Among the conclusions are noted that the pandemic brought with it labor precariousness;however, digital media have managed to maintain themselves with external funds or own resources. For the journalistic exercise, public information becomes a severe concern because access has been restricted, and there is little transparency in its disclosure. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
ABSTRACT
Background. The empiric prescription of antibiotics in COVID 19 ICU patients is frequent due to the severity of disease and presentation of patients with septic shock. In this study we compared two approaches of antimicrobial prescription: empiric use vs. FilmArray pneumonia (FAP) panel guided treatment. We evaluated costs of intervention, clinical outcomes as development of hospital acquired infections (HAI), length of stay and mortality. Methods. Retrospective study. Patients with severe COVID-19 infection hospitalized in ICU of two institutions in Pereira were included. The prescription of antibiotic without FAP panel was defined as empiric. The prescription according to FAP panel results was defined as guided. Data analysis was performed in Epiinfo version 7.5.2.0. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira. Results. 252 patients were included, 180 received empiric therapy and 72 were FAP panel guided. The median age was 65 years (IQR 53-73), the PaO2/FiO2 ratio mean was 108 (IQR 64-130). In the group of empiric treatment, 21 (11.67%) patients presented confirmed bacterial infection. Patients on guided antimicrobial therapy presented less HAI (RR 0,54 (IC 95% 0.30-0.95) p 0.02). The median length of stay in ICU was 16 days for both groups. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent bacteria identified during the first episode of infection followed of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mortality on guided group was 54% Vs. 42% on empiric group (p< 0,3). Meropenem was the main antibiotic prescribed (DDD empiric 3.17 Vs. 1.8DDDguided) followed of cefepime (DDD empiric 0.9 Vs. DDD guided 0.12). The median cost of antimicrobial treatment in the empiric group was US$530 (US$30-US$1579) per patient compared to the median cost of guided prescription that was US$292 (US$16-US $8767). When including the cost of FAP panel, the median cost per patient treatment course was US$429 (US$153-US$8904) p< 0.7. Conclusion. Implementation of a guided antimicrobial therapy using FAP panel could be useful and cost effective in COVID-19 ICU patients to reduce antimicrobial consumption and adverse outcomes related to the inappropriate use of antibiotics without significant impact on mortality or length of stay.
ABSTRACT
In the scenario marked by digitalization, digital media have found spaces that allow them to face labor problems and at the same time face the risks and vulnerability that threaten the security of journalists. Therefore, this research is established to know some issues related to security: economic limitations of access to public information, censorship, and self-censorship in the journalistic exercise in Ecuador. The observation was carried out within the framework of the pandemic unleashed by the presence of COVID-19 and its variants. For the execution of the research, the qualitative methodology was applied with semi-structured interviews to investigative journalists of consolidated digital native media. Among the conclusions are noted that the pandemic brought with it labor precariousness;however, digital media have managed to maintain themselves with external funds or own resources. For the journalistic exercise, public information becomes a severe concern because access has been restricted, and there is little transparency in its disclosure. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
ABSTRACT
The media play a guiding role during crises, as was the case in Covid-19. Open television news became a public necessity. This research seeks to know the narratives used in Andean television. The methodology is quantitative and qualitative through content analysis and semi-structured interviews;the news programs of public and private television stations in the Andean countries are analyzed between March and September 2020. The emissions are accompanied by texts and voice-over, audiovisual files and infographics were used, and limitations were determined for journalistic coverage. © GKA Ediciones, authors.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented crisis in schools globally, posing challenges for children with exceptionalities. Government policies during the pandemic necessitate the inclusion of people with special needs, as no one should be left behind. The researchers explore the Philippine laws governing inclusive education and the safety protocols that should be taken in the online sphere. Two legal consultants were presented with a hypothetical problem in the subject, Technology and Livelihood Education, which involves life skills activities. This paper explores safety in planning school activities, given the shift to online learning and the special needs of atypical students. This research has found that it is vital that prior home-school agreements, proper home-school communication, and efforts to carry out one's role under loco in parentis must be maintained to enable safe inclusive education to continue in the online sphere. © 2022 ACM.
ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic caused different governments to implement confinement measures and put in place information strategies aimed at their citizens to mitigate the sycosis. Therefore, those who have media communication must ensure the circulation of information in a responsible manner, which contributes to democracy and favoring a improve the state of animic of society. This situation has been exploited by the media that operate in open and digital spaces, its contribution has been relevant to establish a collective awareness. In addition to being a historic opportunity for local media to recover audiences and strengthen themselves as media for proximity. The investigation carried out on the Facebook social network of thirteen mediums Ecuador confirms it. The content proximity supplemented the information needs. The information management of local media produced exponential growth on Facebook, as measured by engagement (I like, comments and shares). © 2020, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.